Cell deformability is a label-free biomarker with great potential for studying various cellular processes and disease states. This mechanical property provides insights into changes in the cytoskeleton, nuclear structure, and overall cell state, demonstrating significant clinical potential in cancer research, immune responses, and stem cell sorting.
The current state-of-the-art method for detecting cell deformability combines inertial microfluidics for precise cell positioning with an ultra-high-speed camera to capture the degree of cell deformation under strong fluidic pressure...
Integrating microelectronics with microfluidics, especially those implemented in silicon-based CMOS technology, has driven the next generation of in vitro diagnostics. This CMOS/microfluidics platform offers close interfaces between electronics and biological samples and tight integration of readout circuits with multi-channel microfluidics, both of which are crucial factors in achieving enhanced sensitivity and detection throughput. Importantly, conventionally bulky benchtop instruments are now being transformed into millimeter-sized form factors at low cost, making the deployment for...
Current quantum processor units (QPUs) have achieved over 1,000 qubits (e.g., IBM's Condor processor). However, scaling quantum platforms toward 1 million qubits demands breakthroughs in quantum hardware, connectivity, error correction, and system architecture. To address the scalability of quantum interconnects, Cryo-CMOS control and readout circuits have demonstrated efficacy in reducing wiring complexity, latency, and thermal loads. However, the CMOS circuits limit the active heat load to 1–2 mW/qubit, imposing a limit of approximately 1,000 qubits in state-of-the-art dilution...
"Nanostructured materials have become an exciting area of research for the improvement of traditional electronic sensors. The high surface area to volume ratio of nanoflowers, nano-urchins, and nanoporous materials has allowed them to exhibit significant improvements in limit of detection and sensitivity compared to analogous planar sensors. These complex structures have also demonstrated the capability of improving biofouling resistance in complex media by helping to screen fouling agents from the active surface. Despite these advantages, moving this material beyond the laboratory has...
Endoscopic ultrasound imaging systems require compact, low-power probes with a dense array of sensing elements. At the same time, the cabling inside the probe tube that interfaces with the external processing unit should be minimal. State-of-the-art ultrasound imagers that utilize CMUTs and PMUTs require integrating each transducer’s power-hungry analog frontend on probe, making it more difficult to satisfy the safe power limit. To address this, we propose the use of silicon microring resonators (MRRs) as ultrasound sensors. Their small element size (10-20 μm in diameter) allows us to...
Aptamers, often referred to as ""synthetic antibodies,"" are nucleic acid-based molecules that selectively bind to target analytes in complex biological samples, such as whole blood. They can undergo reversible structural changes upon binding, allowing for real-time detection. By conjugating electroactive reporters to aptamers, these structural changes can be monitored electrochemically. Due to their reagentless nature, these biosensors are highly suitable for both in vitro and in vivo applications. Our lab specializes in aptamer-based sensors and has published several studies on their...
We have previously demonstrated electrochemical circuits for measuring the concentration of various biomolecules and drugs using structure-switching aptamers. Structure-switching aptamers are single-stranded nucleic acids that can be sequenced to exhibit conformational changes when bound to specific biomolecules. By conjugating aptamers with a redox reporter, voltammetry or amperometry-based measurements can be applied and signals in the nano to pico-amp scale can be captured using transimpedance amplifiers (TIA). Because the signals of interest are very small, noise-cancellation...
